Protective Umbrella: The Transnational Jewish Support Network | Between Borders: The Great Jewish Migration from Eastern Europe (2024)

Between Borders: The Great Jewish Migration from Eastern Europe

Tobias Brinkmann

Published:

2024

Online ISBN:

9780197655689

Print ISBN:

9780197655658

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Between Borders: The Great Jewish Migration from Eastern Europe

Tobias Brinkmann

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Tobias Brinkmann

Tobias Brinkmann

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Pages

101–127

  • Published:

    July 2024

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Brinkmann, Tobias, 'Protective Umbrella: The Transnational Jewish Support Network', Between Borders: The Great Jewish Migration from Eastern Europe (New York, 2024; online edn, Oxford Academic, 18 July 2024), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197655658.003.0006, accessed 12 Aug. 2024.

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Abstract

Before 1914 a sophisticated but little-visible network of Jewish aid organizations protected Jewish migrants along the main transit routes from Eastern Europe to distant locations in different parts of the world. At major points of passage such as the North Sea ports but also in remote towns along the western Russian border members of Jewish communities assisted migrants. Jewish representatives lobbied state officials, from low-level bureaucrats in small border towns to government ministers on both sides of the Atlantic. Jewish aid associations and local communities usually covered the cost for migrants who required support. This gave them leverage in negotiations with state and nonstate actors like the steamship lines. Around 1900 German and American Jews established more professional aid organizations, which could draw on a large donor base and combined the protection and support of migrants with effective lobbying efforts against migration restrictions.

Keywords: Hilfsverein, American Jewish Committee, HIAS, Mary Antin, J. P. Morgan, Jacob Schiff, Cunard, Russo-Japanese War

Subject

European History

Collection: Oxford Scholarship Online

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